Conservation in architecture. Criteria, issues and examples in Italy and in the international context

In a European context, the discipline of conservation had already been outlined over a long period of development – from the beginning of the 19th century to the end of the 20th – that is both homogeneous and clearly articulated. The homogeneity of the many different approaches was essentially derived from considering the autonomous status of architecture (and of art), and from identifying existing buildings as historical testaments that must be safeguarded and transmitted into the future. Its homogeneity and complexity is mirrored in proposals that were considered more than adequate in guaranteeing the goals of conservation, and from time to time elaborated in theories and operating principles that have been extensively discussed.