Corruption of the institutional system. remedies

The usual way of conceiving corruption refers to individual behavior, such as the payment of bribes to public officers in order to obtain benefits (which could be called the "subjective" side of corruption). This is an indispensable but insufficient approach to understand and overcome corruption. It is also essential to cope with the "objective" side of corruption, which is represented by the degeneration of the institutional system and tries to indicate possible remedies, particularly with regard to simplifying legislation, reducing administrative procedures and discretionary powers, enhancing public controls, improving transparency in public procurement. Putting in act these remedies against "objective" corruption can help reducing the incentives and occasions of "subjective" corruption.