Qualità del processo e qualità architettonica: una metodologia di valutazione per ridisegnare Tor Bella Monaca a Roma (RM)

ABSTRACT - The definition of a program for the reconversion of a degraded urban context is a complex operation. It must take into account various environmental, landscaping, technical-aesthetic, social, economic-financial and procedural factors. The feasibility of a recovery operation is strictly dependant on impacts (both positive and negative) originated by a reconversion program which makes of the environment, landscaping, sustainability and compatibility its principal assets. The area plan (PdZ 23) “Tor Bella Monaca” (TBM), built in Rome in the early '80s is a district of around 78 hectares, 2.000.000 mc built to accommodate more than 28.000 inhabitants; these accommodations are partly public (70%) and partly private (30%) with autonomous facilities for public services. The PdZ 23 TBM was an attempt to express the modern theories on housing schemes. Yet nowadays it is the symbol in Rome of urban blight from architectural, environmental, and social points of view. Today, “Tor Bella Monaca” is no longer suitable to meet the housing needs, in compliance with the current living standards. The area where TBM is situated has to be improved in terms of landscape and environment: it needs therefore to be rethought. Life in Tor Bella Monaca is affected by urban decay and social distress which prompted the local administration to promote a program of demolition and reconstruction of this neighbourhood (widespread settlement pattern). Assessments should be based on the impacts of such measures envisaged on the “urban fabric”, including alternative models of rehabilitation (“concentrated settlement pattern”). To support decision-makers towards sustainable and shared decisions, an evaluation model with particular attention for the importance of components such as environment and landscape will be applied. With the support of a multi-criteria model (Analytic Hierarchy Process), the outcome (positive or negative) will be evaluated for each alternative with reference to the stakeholders’ views. This model will outline the most commonly held view for the redevelopment. A careful evaluation of the impacts of the proposed alternatives, which focuses on environment and landscape criteria, is the first step towards the choice of a virtual renewal model.