The link between engineering and architecture has strongly characterized the Italian architectural production in the period of reconstruction after World War II. This tendency was manifested in the great works of designers such as nerves, Morandi and Musmeci, but also in the set of minor works that gave rise to the major urban transformations of the period at the hands of trained professionals to express themselves through a language able to integrate structure and aesthetics. A happy time which has been replaced, in the following years, an architectural culture that is increasingly detached from this tradition to fall into a network of new, attractive as false values. Otherwise things are going in Japan, a country in which, finally passed the period of uncritical imitation of Western models and fascinated by the innovative potential of the technique, architects, engineers and builders have made a symbiosis between the technical and artistic aspects of the discipline. The idea of dedicating an issue of Japanese architecture, which could emerge from the vitality and innovation of a considerable part of the lower local production, the result of close and fruitful collaboration between architects and engineers, is born from the encounter between Leo Spita and Satoru Yamashiro during two workshops between the Faculty of Architecture "Ludovico Quaroni" of Rome and the University of Tokyo, organized by Diar (Dipartirmento Architecture) and the Lapex (Design Workshop for non-European countries of Diar) in Rome. Meeting finalized during the trip to Japan, organized last May by the Young Entrepreneurs Reeds Construction of Bergamo and "the construction industry." In Japanese, the word can mean kenchiku architecture but also construction and qualification kenchikushi refers to both a designer and a builder. The architects feel part of a discipline that is not understood separately from the practice of construction and engineering, resulting in current language decidedly experimental but always supported by a fruitful tension between the attitude and realistic figurative research. In this attitude is undoubtedly contribute to the educational system the way it is organized the entire building process. In Japan, the architecture course is part of the Faculty of Engineering, studying together, engineers and architects ripen the basis for a dialogue on an equal footing. The significant handshake between architects, engineers and builders allows therefore to rethink the culture of living, now pushing towards a profound transformation of attitudes and habits as evidenced by the writings and the works collected in this issue. In particular, Mikio Koshihara, Takashi Manda and Jun Sato are estimated and three young Japanese engineers are invited to share their experiences as designers of steel structures, concrete and wood. Creators of many of the structures illustrated in number, they show how their experimental work is based on the ability to fully exploit the intrinsic properties of the materials, with the help of new technologies, are pushed beyond the usual uses more formal potentials before releasing unexpressed, especially in the field of interventions small residential, to limited budget. The lines of research that take place seem to reconcile, albeit with different tools, the advanced stage of the theories on the structures with an almost artisanal think of them.
Il legame tra ingegneria e architettura ha fortemente connotato la produzione architettonica italiana nel periodo della ricostruzione del secondo dopoguerra. Questa propensione si è manifestata nelle grandi opere di progettisti del calibro di Nervi, Morandi e Musmeci, ma anche in quell’insieme di opere minori che ha dato vita alle principali trasformazioni urbane di quel periodo per mano di professionisti preparati ad esprimersi attraverso un linguaggio in grado di integrare struttura e canoni estetici. Un periodo felice al quale si è sostituita, negli anni a seguire, una cultura architettonica che si è sempre più distaccata da questa tradizione per cadere in una rete di nuovi, attraenti quanto fallaci valori. Diversamente stanno andando le cose in Giappone, paese in cui, superato definitivamente il periodo di imitazione acritica dei modelli occidentali e affascinati dalle potenzialità innovative della tecnica, gli architetti, gli ingegneri e i costruttori hanno operato una simbiosi tra gli aspetti tecnici e artistici della disciplina. L’idea di dedicare un numero della rivista all’architettura giapponese, dal quale potesse emergere la carica vitale e innovativa di una parte considerevole della produzione minore locale, frutto della stretta e feconda collaborazione tra architetti e ingegneri, è nata dall’incontro tra Leone Spita e Satoru Yamashiro durante due workshop tra la Facoltà di Architettura “Ludovico Quaroni” di Roma e la Tokyo University, organizzati dal DiAR (Dipartirmento di Architettura) e dal Lapex (Laboratorio di Progettazione per i Paesi Extraeuropei del DiAR ) di Roma. Incontro perfezionato in occasione del viaggio in Giappone, organizzato lo scorso maggio dai Giovani Imprenditori Edili di Ance Bergamo e da “l’industria delle costruzioni”. In giapponese la parola kenchiku può significare architettura ma anche costruzione e la qualifica kenchikushi si riferisce tanto a un progettista quanto a un costruttore. Gli architetti si sentono partecipi di una disciplina che non è intesa separatamente dalla pratica costruttiva e ingegneristica, dando vita a correnti linguistiche decisamente sperimentali ma sempre sostenute da una proficua tensione tra atteggiamento realistico e ricerca figurativa. A questo atteggiamento contribuiscono indubbiamente sia il sistema formativo che il modo in cui è organizzato l’intero processo edilizio. In Giappone il corso di architettura fa parte della facoltà di ingegneria; studiando insieme, ingegneri e architetti maturano le basi per un dialogo sullo stesso piano. La significativa stretta di mano tra architetti, ingegneri e costruttori consente dunque di ripensare la cultura dell’abitare, spinta oramai verso una profonda trasformazione dei comportamenti e dei costumi così come testimoniano gli scritti e le opere raccolti in questo numero. In particolare Mikio Koshihara, Takashi Manda e Jun Sato sono tre giovani e stimati ingegneri giapponesi invitati a raccontare le loro esperienze come progettisti di strutture in acciaio, in cemento armato e in legno. Ideatori di molte delle strutture illustrate nel numero, essi mostrano come il loro lavoro sperimentale si basi sulla capacità di sfruttare a pieno le proprietà intrinseche dei materiali che, mediante l’ausilio di nuove tecnologie, vengono spinte oltre gli usi più consueti liberando potenzialità formali prima inespresse, soprattutto nel campo di interventi residenziali di piccole dimensioni, a budget limitato. Le linee delle ricerche che svolgono sembrano conciliare, pur con strumenti diversi, lo stadio avanzato delle teorie sulle strutture con un modo quasi artigianale di pensarle.
Architettura e Sperimentazione in Giappone / Spita, Leone; Satoru, Yamashiro. - In: L'INDUSTRIA DELLE COSTRUZIONI. - ISSN 0579-4900. - STAMPA. - (2008), pp. 1-132.
Architettura e Sperimentazione in Giappone
SPITA, LeoneWriting – Review & Editing
;
2008
Abstract
The link between engineering and architecture has strongly characterized the Italian architectural production in the period of reconstruction after World War II. This tendency was manifested in the great works of designers such as nerves, Morandi and Musmeci, but also in the set of minor works that gave rise to the major urban transformations of the period at the hands of trained professionals to express themselves through a language able to integrate structure and aesthetics. A happy time which has been replaced, in the following years, an architectural culture that is increasingly detached from this tradition to fall into a network of new, attractive as false values. Otherwise things are going in Japan, a country in which, finally passed the period of uncritical imitation of Western models and fascinated by the innovative potential of the technique, architects, engineers and builders have made a symbiosis between the technical and artistic aspects of the discipline. The idea of dedicating an issue of Japanese architecture, which could emerge from the vitality and innovation of a considerable part of the lower local production, the result of close and fruitful collaboration between architects and engineers, is born from the encounter between Leo Spita and Satoru Yamashiro during two workshops between the Faculty of Architecture "Ludovico Quaroni" of Rome and the University of Tokyo, organized by Diar (Dipartirmento Architecture) and the Lapex (Design Workshop for non-European countries of Diar) in Rome. Meeting finalized during the trip to Japan, organized last May by the Young Entrepreneurs Reeds Construction of Bergamo and "the construction industry." In Japanese, the word can mean kenchiku architecture but also construction and qualification kenchikushi refers to both a designer and a builder. The architects feel part of a discipline that is not understood separately from the practice of construction and engineering, resulting in current language decidedly experimental but always supported by a fruitful tension between the attitude and realistic figurative research. In this attitude is undoubtedly contribute to the educational system the way it is organized the entire building process. In Japan, the architecture course is part of the Faculty of Engineering, studying together, engineers and architects ripen the basis for a dialogue on an equal footing. The significant handshake between architects, engineers and builders allows therefore to rethink the culture of living, now pushing towards a profound transformation of attitudes and habits as evidenced by the writings and the works collected in this issue. In particular, Mikio Koshihara, Takashi Manda and Jun Sato are estimated and three young Japanese engineers are invited to share their experiences as designers of steel structures, concrete and wood. Creators of many of the structures illustrated in number, they show how their experimental work is based on the ability to fully exploit the intrinsic properties of the materials, with the help of new technologies, are pushed beyond the usual uses more formal potentials before releasing unexpressed, especially in the field of interventions small residential, to limited budget. The lines of research that take place seem to reconcile, albeit with different tools, the advanced stage of the theories on the structures with an almost artisanal think of them.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.