The essay deals with the presence of vineyards and green areas and cultivated within the walls of Rome in the fifteenth century. The history of the vineyards and orchards of Rome has origins in antiquity and in particular hortus, garden at the home with a heredium (small garden), and in the fundus, area planted away from the house and from the town, which differed, at least geographically, from suburbanum area located at least one mile from the city walls. During the Middle Ages, the various forms of agricultural settlement of urban land, which is included within the walls, assumed different characters and extension. The ancient horti private had become, by the second century, largely areas of imperial property and, by the fourth century, the gardens were partly transformed into arable land or with other types of culture and partly donated to churches and monasteries erected or being built within the city walls. The landscape of the city of Rome in the late Middle Ages was thus characterized by a succession of different types of organized settlement on the territory inside the walls, with no apparent order, at some points of attraction (river, basilicas, monasteries etc.). these settlements were, in brief, made from thickened inhabited around the River Tiber, churches, often accompanied by convents from cultivated land and fallow fields, in some cases associated with ancient ruins of abandoned factories.
Il saggio si occupa della presenza di vigneti e aree a verde e coltivate entro le mura di Roma nel Quattrocento. La storia dei vigneti e degli orti di Roma ha origini nell'antichità ed in particolare nell'hortus, giardino presso l'abitazione con un heredium (piccolo orto), e nel fundus, area coltivata lontano dall’abitazione e dal centro abitato, che si differenziava, almeno topograficamente, dal suburbanum, area situata ad almeno un miglio dalle mura della città. Nel corso del medioevo, le varie forme di insediamento agricolo del territorio urbano, ovvero compreso entro le mura, assunsero caratteri ed estensione diversi. Gli antichi horti privati erano divenuti, dal II secolo, in gran parte aree di proprietà imperiale e, dal IV secolo, i giardini furono in parte trasformati in seminativi o in terreni con altri tipi di coltura e in parte donati alle chiese e conventi eretti o in via di costruzione entro la cinta delle mura. Il paesaggio della città di Roma nel tardo-medioevo era dunque caratterizzato da una successione di tipi d'insediamento diversi organizzati sul territorio interno alle mura, senza un ordine apparente, presso alcuni poli d'attrazione (fiume, basiliche, monasteri ecc.); tali insediamenti erano, in sintesi, costituiti dall'area abitata addensata attorno al corso del Tevere, dalle chiese, spesso accompagnate da strutture conventuali, da terreni coltivati e da campi incolti, in alcuni casi associati a ruderi di antiche fabbriche abbandonate.
Vigneti e orti entro le mura. Utilizzo del suolo e strutture insediative / Esposito, Daniela. - STAMPA. - (2004), pp. 205-228.
Vigneti e orti entro le mura. Utilizzo del suolo e strutture insediative
ESPOSITO, Daniela
2004
Abstract
The essay deals with the presence of vineyards and green areas and cultivated within the walls of Rome in the fifteenth century. The history of the vineyards and orchards of Rome has origins in antiquity and in particular hortus, garden at the home with a heredium (small garden), and in the fundus, area planted away from the house and from the town, which differed, at least geographically, from suburbanum area located at least one mile from the city walls. During the Middle Ages, the various forms of agricultural settlement of urban land, which is included within the walls, assumed different characters and extension. The ancient horti private had become, by the second century, largely areas of imperial property and, by the fourth century, the gardens were partly transformed into arable land or with other types of culture and partly donated to churches and monasteries erected or being built within the city walls. The landscape of the city of Rome in the late Middle Ages was thus characterized by a succession of different types of organized settlement on the territory inside the walls, with no apparent order, at some points of attraction (river, basilicas, monasteries etc.). these settlements were, in brief, made from thickened inhabited around the River Tiber, churches, often accompanied by convents from cultivated land and fallow fields, in some cases associated with ancient ruins of abandoned factories.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.