During the first half of the 18th century, Spain’s increasing expansionist impulse offered the Franciscans the opportunity to establish new missions in the northern regions of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, improving the evangelization of the native populations through renewed strategies of integration with local culture. Five missions were built in what is now the metropolitan area of San Antonio, Texas (U.S.). Located along the San Antonio River, these missions grew rapidly and, within a short time, became prosperous communities. The Franciscans adopted a dual operational program to address the urban planning and architectural challenges caused by the absence of specialized craftsmanship. On the one hand, the missionaries took medieval abbeys as a model in order to monitor the surrounding territory and create a safer settlement in which they could engage with the native populations. On the other hand, they promoted the construction of large stone churches that, when properly designed, facilitated preaching. In addition, sunlight—which in indigenous culture held a strong symbolic and religious value—was employed as a tool of conversion.
Durante la prima metà del XVIII secolo, il crescente impulso espansionistico della Spagna offrì ai francescani l’opportunità di fondare missioni nelle regioni settentrionali, rivitalizzando l’evangelizzazione delle popolazioni native attraverso rinnovate strategie di integrazione della cultura indigena. Furono istituite cinque missioni lungo il fiume nell’attuale area metropolitana di San Antonio (Texas), che crebbero rapidamente e, in breve tempo, si trasformarono in vere e proprie comunità. Per risolvere i problemi di pianificazione, i religiosi adottarono un duplice programma operativo. Da un lato, crearono missioni, seguendo l’esempio delle abbazie medievali, per controllare il territorio circostante e dare vita a un insediamento protetto in cui dialogare con le popolazioni native; dall’altro, promossero la costruzione di imponenti chiese che facilitassero la predicazione del cattolicesimo. Inoltre, la luce solare – che nella cultura indigena possedeva un forte valore simbolico e religioso – fu utilizzata come strumento di conversione.
La arquitectura iberoamericana de las misiones franciscanas de San Antonio, Texas / Benincampi, Iacopo; Lombardi, Angela. - (2026), pp. 149-162.
La arquitectura iberoamericana de las misiones franciscanas de San Antonio, Texas
Iacopo Benincampi
;
2026
Abstract
During the first half of the 18th century, Spain’s increasing expansionist impulse offered the Franciscans the opportunity to establish new missions in the northern regions of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, improving the evangelization of the native populations through renewed strategies of integration with local culture. Five missions were built in what is now the metropolitan area of San Antonio, Texas (U.S.). Located along the San Antonio River, these missions grew rapidly and, within a short time, became prosperous communities. The Franciscans adopted a dual operational program to address the urban planning and architectural challenges caused by the absence of specialized craftsmanship. On the one hand, the missionaries took medieval abbeys as a model in order to monitor the surrounding territory and create a safer settlement in which they could engage with the native populations. On the other hand, they promoted the construction of large stone churches that, when properly designed, facilitated preaching. In addition, sunlight—which in indigenous culture held a strong symbolic and religious value—was employed as a tool of conversion.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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