Antonella Meniconi's essay analyzes the structural and political evolution of the Italian Ministry of Justice during the Fascist regime and the Social Republic (1922-1945), highlighting the crucial role of the administrative "machine" in implementing the regime's directives. The study focuses on the central offices (Cabinet, Legislative and Personnel Office), showing how the “magistratisation” of these bodies – initially designed to guarantee independence – has become a powerful tool of hierarchical control, as a sort of hidden shadow of power. Senior officials and magistrates such as Saltelli, Cantarano, Mandrioli and Azzariti (among others) led the drafting of the codes and the new judicial system and often managed the careers of judges in an arbitrary manner, obtaining extraordinarily rapid promotions in return. The text also explores, in an original way, the violent clash between Dino Grandi and the Council of State to assert the hegemony of the Ministry's Legislative Office. Finally, moving on to the transitional period of the Italian Social Republic and the post-war period, the author demonstrates how the failure to purge these senior officials ensured substantial and profound institutional continuity between the Fascist State and Republican Italy.
Il saggio esamina l'evoluzione strutturale e politica del Ministero della giustizia tra il 1922 e il 1945, evidenziando il ruolo chiave della burocrazia ministeriale nell'attuazione delle politiche del regime fascista. Lo studio si concentra sugli uffici centrali (Gabinetto, Ufficio legislativo e del personale), mostrando come la "magistratizzazione" di questi apparati – inizialmente pensata per garantire indipendenza – si sia trasformata in un potente strumento di controllo gerarchico, in una sorta di ombra occulta del potere. Alti funzionari e magistrati come Saltelli, Cantarano, Mandrioli e Azzariti guidarono la stesura dei codici e del nuovo ordinamento giudiziario e gestirono spesso in modo arbitrario le carriere dei giudici, ottenendo in cambio avanzamenti straordinariamente rapidi. Dopo aver analizzato anche l’inedito scontro istituzionale tra Dino Grandi e il Consiglio di Stato, l'autrice conclude dimostrando come la mancata epurazione di questa élite burocratica nel dopoguerra abbia garantito una profonda continuità istituzionale tra lo Stato fascista e l'Italia repubblicana.
Il Ministero della giustizia (1922-1945) / Meniconi, Antonella. - (2026), pp. 397-421. [10.13134/979-12-5977-621-1].
Il Ministero della giustizia (1922-1945)
Antonella Meniconi
2026
Abstract
Antonella Meniconi's essay analyzes the structural and political evolution of the Italian Ministry of Justice during the Fascist regime and the Social Republic (1922-1945), highlighting the crucial role of the administrative "machine" in implementing the regime's directives. The study focuses on the central offices (Cabinet, Legislative and Personnel Office), showing how the “magistratisation” of these bodies – initially designed to guarantee independence – has become a powerful tool of hierarchical control, as a sort of hidden shadow of power. Senior officials and magistrates such as Saltelli, Cantarano, Mandrioli and Azzariti (among others) led the drafting of the codes and the new judicial system and often managed the careers of judges in an arbitrary manner, obtaining extraordinarily rapid promotions in return. The text also explores, in an original way, the violent clash between Dino Grandi and the Council of State to assert the hegemony of the Ministry's Legislative Office. Finally, moving on to the transitional period of the Italian Social Republic and the post-war period, the author demonstrates how the failure to purge these senior officials ensured substantial and profound institutional continuity between the Fascist State and Republican Italy.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


