Pigment Dispersion Syndrome

The ciliary body secretes aqueous humor in the posterior chamber (PC), which travels through the pupil into the anterior chamber (AC). The aqueous is removed from the trabecular meshwork (TM), situated at the iris-cornea angle. Pigmentary glaucoma (PG) is considered as a secondary open-angle glaucoma, also known as pigment dispersion glaucoma. The clinical features of pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) and PG are comparable, indicating a disease spectrum. Sugar first described an intriguing trio of symptoms associated with posterior-side PG: heavy pigmentation in the TM, mid-peripheral radial iris transillumination defects, and corneal endothelial pigment depositions on the posterior surface of the cornea. Pigment dispersion and accumulation in PG may be brought on by pigment loss as a result of continuous rubbing and friction between the lens zonules and the posterior iris pigment epithelium during physiological pupil movement. The pigment deposited in the AC limits the TMcells' ability to function properly and efficiently by causing elevated IOP.