Technological innovation, sustainability, and the enhancement of Made in Italy: a literature review

In recent years, the concept of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) has taken a central role in the business landscape, driving companies to integrate sustainable practices into their operational models. The adoption of ESG strategies not only fosters greater financial resilience but also enables a reduction in the cost of capital, representing a significant competitive advantage. In this context, technological innovation emerges as a key factor supporting the transition toward sustainable and responsible business models, enabling companies to optimize processes, reduce environmental impact, and respond more effectively to stakeholder expectations. Particular emphasis is placed on the intersection between technology, sustainability, and the cultural value of Made in Italy, which constitutes a strategic opportunity for Italian companies. These firms can thus combine tradition with digitalization, strengthening their competitiveness on a global scale while preserving craftsmanship and authenticity. This study aims to analyze the existing literature on the integration of technological innovation and sustainability within the Made in Italy context, highlighting key trends, emerging challenges, and development opportunities. Through a bibliometric analysis of a selected set of scientific articles, a growing interest in these topics is evident, with a significant increase in publications in recent years. However, the analysis also reveals certain gaps, notably the limited attention to gender dimensions and the social impact of sustainable innovations. The conclusions emphasize the need to deepen research through empirical studies and qualitative methodologies to develop more effective strategies for the sustainable transition of the Italian manufacturing sector, while simultaneously enhancing the unique characteristics of Made in Italy and promoting long-term value creation.