Usamodzielnienie jako instytucja wspierająca proces integracji społecznej i ekonomicznej. Aspekty prawne i praktyczne

The article addresses the topic of becoming independent as an institution supporting the process of social and economic integration of individuals leaving foster care and residential care facilities. The analysis covers both legal and practical aspects of the support system functioning in Poland, with particular emphasis on the provisions of the Act on Family Support and Foster Care System and the Social Assistance Act. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of current legal solutions and to identify barriers and challenges accompanying the process of becoming independent. The article highlights the need for a comprehensive and individualized approach to supporting foster care and residential care wards, especially in the context of their integration into the labor market, education, housing, and building social relationships. The role of the coordinator of the independence process and the importance of individual independence programs are also analyzed. The conclusions drawn from the study aim to formulate legislative recommendations (de lege ferenda) and to emphasize the necessity of strengthening institutional actions in supporting young adults’ transition to independent living.