National security and the protection of companies carrying out activities of strategic importance in the framework of the european regulation 2019/452

The chapter will explore the complex scope of the definition of “national security”, emphasizing that it extends beyond the military domain to also encompass the economic, social, cyber, energy, and environmental spheres. It is necessary to recognize the existence of a directly proportional relationship between the economy and national security. This involves both the protection of industrial secrets and the fight against illegal economies and practices. Regulation (EU) 2019/452 (on the framework for the screening of foreign direct investments in the European Union) has expanded the strategic economic sectors to be monitored for risks to national security, also including them in activities subject to notification requirements for the exercise of special powers by Member States (Golden Power).