Gestación por sustitución en la jurisprudencia italiana. Propuesta de cambio de un sistema progenitor-céntrico a un sistema niñas/niños-céntrico

The essay examines surrogacy within the Italian legal framework, highlighting the shift from a parent-centered model to one focused on the best interests of the child. It traces the evolution of Italian case law, from the Supreme Court’s first ruling in 2014 to the 2022 decision of the United Sections, emphasizing the influence of the European Court of Human Rights and the Constitutional Court. The study critiques the Italian legal system’s approach, which requires adoption as the means to recognize parentage in surrogacy cases, arguing that this mechanism is inadequate due to its delays and lack of immediate protection for the child. The essay advocates for a legal framework that acknowledges parental responsibility based on the intended parental project rather than biological ties, ensuring greater legal certainty and stability for children.