Representation challenges. Searching for new frontiers of AR and AI research

We have come to the second collection of essays that originated under the aegis of Re-presentation Challenges and that, by reintroducing the combination of Augmented Reality (AR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI), explores its new frontiers.The ambitious goal of this second step of the debate triggered during REAACH-ID Sym-posium 2020 was to go beyond the fundamental census of the research carried out by Representation scholars in Italy and to explore the new boundaries that, after just one year, AR and AI mark in the fields of cultural heritage and innovative design, opening to international studies. This goal has been fully achieved and surprisingly surpassed, thanks to the lymph provided by new proposals and new scholars, which we hope – at least in a small part – to have contributed to fuel and stimulate.One of the advantages of the structure of REAACH-ID Symposium is that the research topics proposed during the two-day meeting are discussed and refereed by the members of the scientific committee and the committee of reviewers, who provide guidelines and stimuli for ongoing research and ask for clarifications and insights concerning those already completed. The volume of essays presented here is the outcome of the debate and enri-chment that the research has received because of this process. For this reason and as the cutting-edge topics addressed require, the outcomes published here result as up to date as possible.The international Symposium took place online on 12 and 13 October 2021, managed by the Zoom platform of the University of Padua.