Evoluzione urbana e sociale dell’edilizia popolareIl caso INCIS Decima e UNRRA Casas San Basilio a Roma

The neighbourhoods of economic and social housing, conceived as a place of evolutionary progress of society have become today often places of abandonment, social and economic degradation, many of them downgraded to ‘dormitory districts’. The need to catalogue, census the problems encountered by the inhabitants of these areas responds to the request for housing policies aimed at the redevelopment of these spaces, the energy upgrading of buildings, infrastructure and open spaces. These aspects are associated with current issues in the national, European and global landscape; according to the 2019 Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction, produced by the Global Alliance for Buildings and Construction ‘GlobalABC’, the construction sector is responsible for 36% of final energy consumption and 39% of total carbon dioxide emissions worldwide, 11% of which come from the production of construction materials such as steel, glass and cement. These considerations provide an opportunity to intervene on the existing building stock with urban requalification projects. This text aims analysing two public housing districts which differ in their historical evolution, typology, structure and economic-social conformation: the INCIS District in Decima (L. Moretti, A. Libera, L. Cafiero, 1957-1965), located south of the EUR District, born from a new urban vision of the concept of residence and the UNRRA Casas San Basilio District (M. Fiorentino, 1951-1955), at km 12 of via Tiburtina, built in implementation of the financing program deriving from American aid to European countries. The regional and national legislative panorama, such as the Ecobonus 110% and the Three-Year Plan for Public Housing of the Lazio Region, provide valuable incentives in the field of regeneration, recovery and reduction of energy consumption of existing building envelopes.