Durkheim lettore di Montesquieu

The author analyzes the Latin dissertation presented by Durkheim in 1893. Two different aspects are taken into consideration: Durkheim's interpretation of the Esprit des lois in relation to the historiography on Montesquieu During the second half of the Nineteenth Century, and the influence of Montesquieu on Durkheim's sociology. According to the tradition, Durkheim would have Montesquieu Considered as the founder of sociology, and his debt towards the philosopher would Clearly Appear in His works. Through the analysis of the texts the author questions views.L These traditional 'author examines the Latin thesis presented by Durkheim in 1893 under two different aspects: the interpretation that Durkheim gives Espirit des lois of Montesquieu in relation to the historiography of the second half nineteenth century, and the incidence of Montesquieu's thought on the sociology of Durkheim. Text analysis allows to question the traditional interpretation according to which Durkheim would see in Montesquieu the initiator of sociology, with his reading would conditioned Espirit des lois studies of Montesquieu, and his works reveal a substantial debt against the doctrines of Montesquieu.

L’autore esamina la tesi latina presentata da Durkheim nel 1893 sotto due diversi aspetti: l’interpretazione che Durkheim dà dell’Esprit des lois in rapporto alla storiografia su Montesquieu della seconda metà dell’Ottocento, e l’incidenza del pensiero di Montesquieu sulla sociologia di Durkheim. L’analisi dei testi consente di mettere in dubbio l’interpretazione tradizionale secondo la quale Durkheim avrebbe visto in Montesquieu l’iniziatore della sociologia, avrebbe condizionato con la sua lettura dell’Esprit des lois gli studi su Montesquieu, e le sue opere rivelerebbero un debito consistente nei confronti delle dottrine di Montesquieu.