It is well known that in French painting in the 1880s and 1890s, the interior was a specific subject of pictorial research, in particular the more introspective one linked to the Nabis Pierre Bonnard, Edouard Vuillard and Félix Vallotton. In Belgium, painters such as Xavier Mellery or Georges Le Brun had also focused on mysterious aspects of the house. However, going back in time, we can see that the origin of the fortune of these subjects can be traced back to late Romanticism and in particular to the 1840s, when - as Walter Benjamin so aptly observed - the domestic interior became one of the most important elements of Louis Philippe's Paris. Benjamin knew that in the years of the July Monarchy this attention to the private sphere was reflected in many domestic scenes that increased both in literature (Balzac above all) and in the world of images. More than in painting, one notices the proliferation of these scenes in popular images, lithographs, sketches and illustrations. On this basis, the essay will analyse the domestic images of the July Monarchy - in particular the satirical lithographs of Bartall, Gavarni, Grandville and Daumier - to show how an actual scheme for the representation of modern interiors began to take shape in this period, when domestic space was the ideal setting for urban everyday scenes. By tracing some aspects of the birth and evolution of the conventions of 19th-century French interior representation (focusing on the drawing room and dining room), later accepted, rejected or reformulated by painters of modern life, the essay aims to put these visual manifestations also in relation to literature and theatre in order to understand how in the society of the time some elements, which characterised bourgeois domesticity, were also transversal.
È noto che nella pittura francese degli anni '80 e '90 dell'Ottocento, l'interno era un soggetto specifico di ricerca pittorica, in particolare quella più introspettiva legata ai Nabis Pierre Bonnard, Edouard Vuillard e Félix Vallotton. In Belgio, pittori come Xavier Mellery o Georges Le Brun avevano anche puntato su aspetti misteriosi della casa. Tuttavia, andando indietro nel tempo, possiamo osservare che l'origine della fortuna di questi soggetti può essere rintracciata nel tardo Romanticismo e in particolare negli anni '40 del XIX secolo, quando - come efficacemente osservato da Walter Benjamin - l'interno domestico divenne uno degli elementi più importanti della Parigi di Luigi Filippo. Benjamin sapeva che negli anni della Monarchia di Luglio questa attenzione alla sfera privata si rifletteva in molte scene domestiche che aumentavano sia nella letteratura (Balzac in primis) che nel mondo delle immagini. Più che nella pittura si nota la proliferazione di queste scene nelle immagini popolari, nelle litografie, nei bozzetti e nelle illustrazioni. Partendo da queste premesse, il saggio si propone di analizzare le immagini domestiche della Monarchia di Luglio - in particolare le litografie satiriche di Bartall, Gavarni, Grandville e Daumier - per dimostrare come un vero e proprio schema di rappresentazione degli interni moderni cominciasse a prendere forma proprio in quel periodo, quando lo spazio domestico era l'ambientazione ideale delle scene quotidiane urbane. Nel tracciare alcuni aspetti della nascita e dell'evoluzione delle convenzioni della rappresentazione d'interni francese dell'Ottocento (concentrandosi sul salotto e sulla sala da pranzo), poi accettate, rifiutate o riformulate dai pittori della vita moderna, il saggio si propone di mettere queste manifestazioni visive anche in relazione con la letteratura e il teatro per comprendere come nella società dell'epoca alcuni elementi, che caratterizzavano la domesticità borghese, fossero anche trasversali.
'Louis-Philippe ou l'intérieur': The Emergence of the Modern Interior in the Visual Culture of the July Monarchy / Piccioni, Matteo. - (2022), pp. 13-31.
'Louis-Philippe ou l'intérieur': The Emergence of the Modern Interior in the Visual Culture of the July Monarchy
Matteo Piccioni
2022
Abstract
It is well known that in French painting in the 1880s and 1890s, the interior was a specific subject of pictorial research, in particular the more introspective one linked to the Nabis Pierre Bonnard, Edouard Vuillard and Félix Vallotton. In Belgium, painters such as Xavier Mellery or Georges Le Brun had also focused on mysterious aspects of the house. However, going back in time, we can see that the origin of the fortune of these subjects can be traced back to late Romanticism and in particular to the 1840s, when - as Walter Benjamin so aptly observed - the domestic interior became one of the most important elements of Louis Philippe's Paris. Benjamin knew that in the years of the July Monarchy this attention to the private sphere was reflected in many domestic scenes that increased both in literature (Balzac above all) and in the world of images. More than in painting, one notices the proliferation of these scenes in popular images, lithographs, sketches and illustrations. On this basis, the essay will analyse the domestic images of the July Monarchy - in particular the satirical lithographs of Bartall, Gavarni, Grandville and Daumier - to show how an actual scheme for the representation of modern interiors began to take shape in this period, when domestic space was the ideal setting for urban everyday scenes. By tracing some aspects of the birth and evolution of the conventions of 19th-century French interior representation (focusing on the drawing room and dining room), later accepted, rejected or reformulated by painters of modern life, the essay aims to put these visual manifestations also in relation to literature and theatre in order to understand how in the society of the time some elements, which characterised bourgeois domesticity, were also transversal.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


