Shared mobility: a reflection on sharing economy initiatives in European transportation sectors

In Chapter 5, Agnieszka Lukasiewicz, Venere Stefania Sanna, Anikó Bernát, and Vera Diogo analyse the main shared mobility services in Europe, such as car-based sharing models, bike-sharing, and electric scooter sharing. In particular, Chapter 5 provides a discussion of different car-based sharing models, which include: (1) car-sharing (e.g., public such as Car Sharing Rome, or private such as Share Now); (2) ride-hailing, which parallels taxi. services (e.g., Uber), (3) ride-sharing (e.g., BlaBlaCar); and (4) carpooling, where associates and employees of individual companies can select a car from a fleet of vehicles as required. The chapter also examines conflicts in different European countries caused by shared mobility aspects and the possible effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.