This article takes it start from a number of synthetic hypotheses that have been proposed in recent years (by Cammarosano, Poloni) on the situation of social mobility in Communal Italy and its connexion with the evolution of political institutions, that were themselves influenced by the output of the conflicts going on in the various cities. These hypotheses are validated at the light of some new data recently discovered by the field of economic history (Malanima, Epstein) and of some theoretical models elaborated for later periods. The picture emerging suggests a new periodization, interrupted with the opening of the XV century, with an alternation of two distinct phases: first a phase of expansion, characterized by an active but not exacerbated competition among entrepreneurs, by a growing upwards social mobility, and by a smaller investment into politics; then a phase of contraction and closure, due to the attainment of a first limit of the economic system of Italian cities, when competition becomes stronger and more exclusive, social mobility slows down and virtually stops, and there is an increasing investment into politics, intensifying competitions, conflicts and related defeats and failures. It is mostly in this second phase that politics becomes an important factor in selecting individual and family fortunes, and there is thus an intensification of reflexions on this issue.
L’articolo prende spunto da alcune ipotesi sintetiche fatte negli ultimi anni (Cammarosano, Poloni) sull’andamento della mobilità sociale nell’Italia comunale e sulla connessione di questo andamento con l’evoluzione delle istituzioni politiche a sua volta influenzata dall’esito di conflitti che si svolgevano nelle città. Queste ipotesi sono sottoposte a verifica mediante l’utilizzo di alcuni dati messi in luce dalla più recente storia economica (Malanima, Epstein) e di alcuni modelli teorici elaborati per le epoche successive. Il quadro che emerge lascia intravvedere una periodizzazione scandita dai primi decenni del XIV secolo in cui a una fase espansiva, caratterizzata da una concorrenza attiva ma non esasperata degli imprenditori, da una mobilità sociale ascendente maggiore, e da un minore investimento nella politica segue una fase nuova di contrazione e irrigidimento, dovuta al raggiungimento di un primo limite del sistema economico delle città italiane, in cui la concorrenza si fa più agguerrita ed esclusiva, la mobilità sociale subisce un primo arresto, e gli investimenti nella politica aumentano, intensificando la competizione e dunque moltiplicando i conflitti e con essi, le sconfitte e i fallimenti. È soprattutto in questa seconda fase che la politica diviene un elemento importante nella selezione delle fortune familiari ed individuali, e che dunque si moltiplicano le riflessioni su di essa.
Il peso della politica sulla mobilità sociale (Italia comunale, 1300 ca.) / Milani, Giuliano. - STAMPA. - 436(2010), pp. 409-436.
Il peso della politica sulla mobilità sociale (Italia comunale, 1300 ca.)
MILANI, GIULIANO
2010
Abstract
This article takes it start from a number of synthetic hypotheses that have been proposed in recent years (by Cammarosano, Poloni) on the situation of social mobility in Communal Italy and its connexion with the evolution of political institutions, that were themselves influenced by the output of the conflicts going on in the various cities. These hypotheses are validated at the light of some new data recently discovered by the field of economic history (Malanima, Epstein) and of some theoretical models elaborated for later periods. The picture emerging suggests a new periodization, interrupted with the opening of the XV century, with an alternation of two distinct phases: first a phase of expansion, characterized by an active but not exacerbated competition among entrepreneurs, by a growing upwards social mobility, and by a smaller investment into politics; then a phase of contraction and closure, due to the attainment of a first limit of the economic system of Italian cities, when competition becomes stronger and more exclusive, social mobility slows down and virtually stops, and there is an increasing investment into politics, intensifying competitions, conflicts and related defeats and failures. It is mostly in this second phase that politics becomes an important factor in selecting individual and family fortunes, and there is thus an intensification of reflexions on this issue.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.


