Human Mobility between Asia and the European Union: the case of Mongolia

The paper considers the new characteristics of mobility between Asia and the European Union which are particularly germane to the interests of the geographical sciences and that have led to the creation of an IGU Study Group on Global Change and Human Mobility (Globility). These must be in full compliance with local and national policies: a flexible international labour market able to take due consideration of requests for temporary activities based on labour force mobility. Cultural collaboration, the existence of trade flows between developed and developing countries, and productive delocalisation favour and simultaneously generate advantages to human mobility. This can take place on the condition that it does not involve delocalisation targeted exclusively on the use of a low-cost labour force, but rather a procedure of knowledge and technology transfer put into effect to foster the growth of local production systems and markets. Unfortunately, the procedures implemented by European countries in recent decades have been principally concerned with curbing immigration by rejecting new arrivals and facilitating expulsions, which has led to a reduction in the mobility trend. Therefore, immigrants already present in the country tend to establish roots and reunite with their families, without acting out the tendency to arrive and return as already mentioned. In this way, the number of immigrants increases, especially via illegal channels. The article dedicate a special attention to the Mongolian case.