Smart city. A sociological perspective of urban vision

The theme of the smart city polarizes the interest of many disciplinary and research fields, also thanks to the numerous economic resources allocated for those projects, due to worrying increase of the urban population that has brought with it scarcity of energy resources, high social conflict, crisis of political representativeness and ethical drift (Fistola, 2011, p.74). The city is an intelligent and chameleonic system, able to adapt to all kinds of changes, from economic to political, to social ones. It is a “physical structure placed in a space” (Mazzeo, 2016, p.66), but does not end with this proposing multidimensional and multidisciplinary characters such as those of culture, ecology, technology, society (Castells, 1989). It is a system that is expressed in all its parts that operate as close and interconnected entities. In recent years, the city has acquired ever greater centrality in the process of economic, environmental and social development (Agenzia per l'Italia digitale, 2012), becoming a focal point for national and international policies and economic strategies, especially for four orders different factors.