In his last lecture, Steve retraces his experience as scholar of Public Finance and examines potential future scenarios for the discipline. His lecture centered on what was for Steve the most important message that he received from his mentors and that he tried to convey to his pupils: the concept of a limit in scientific knowledge. But hard as he did to keep it alive, there proved to be a concept dramatically lost due to the different constitutional and institutional settings from those in which Steve received this message. My analysis unfolds in the form of a dialogue with Steve, and by way of him with de Viti de Marco and Einaudi. I do so by arguing that the limit concept can be extended to balanced budgets. What would seem to come out of a pursuit of this line of reasoning is that public debt can produce different outcomes depending on whether the limit concept is followed or not. There seems to be a similarity between the loss of the limit concept and the loss of the diapason in an orchestra. In both cases, imperceptibly, but inevitably, the limit concept rapidly fades to the point of evaporation. The economist’s role and that of the orchestra conductor are twisted: the economist becomes consultant and “doctrinarian”, the conductor becomes composer. In his early years, Steve was an enthusiast of centrally planned economy and when he used to discuss with his mentor, Sella, he was able to drive a point home with apt theoretical reflections. While recognizing the importance of Steve’s theoretical reflections, Sella used to invite him to stay grounded with a colorful expression: “who shall plant cabbages?”. Out of the limit concept, everyone plants cabbages with no one really planting them! This paper seeks to contrast the false oxymoron in the title with the genuine oxymoron: the one between balanced budgets and anarchy in budgets. On this front, Steve’s dialogue with de Viti and Einaudi is of particular importance, impregnated as it is with Keynesian formulations. However, it is exactly here, where the limit concept seems irretrievably lost, that Steve is able to resume it without violating its substantial logic. There seems to be something of scientifically secular and anti-doctrinarian in this tempering, which the quotation in the epigraph reveals in all its essential morality. It is exactly here that the most promising part of Steve’s dialogue with de Viti and Einaudi starts. This dialogue allows clinching Steve’s continuing effort to bridge the Keynesian view on budget, fiscal constitution, public debt and democratic vs. totalitarian systems with Einaudi and de Viti, and the trajectory followed sets de Viti and Einaudi on the foreground while Keynes and especially Keynesianism are moved to the background.
Nell’ultima lezione, Steve traccia un bilancio della sua esperienza di studioso di Scienza delle Finanze e delle prospettive future della disciplina. Questo “bilancio” si fonda sul senso del limite, che egli ha appreso dai suoi maestri, e che ha cercato di trasmettere ai suoi allievi. Ma in contesti diversi da quelli in cui Steve ha ricevuto il messaggio, il senso del limite è quello che è andato irrimediabilmente perduto. Il mio colloquio con Steve, e tramite lui con de Viti ed Einaudi, recupera questo limite nel concetto di equilibrio di bilancio e, conseguentemente, nel ruolo diverso che può assumere il debito pubblico quando il senso del limite è smarrito. Vi è una certa affinità tra lo smarrimento del senso del limite e lo smarrimento del diapason per l’orchestra: in entrambi i casi, seppure impercettibilmente, ma inevitabilmente, il senso del limite si attenua fino a diventare irrilevante e il ruolo dell’economista, come quello del direttore d’orchestra, risulta stravolto: l’economista diventa consulente e “dottrinario”, l’esecutore diventa compositore. In questo contesto, il problema di chi pianta i cavoli, nella terminologia di Sella, diventa un problema quasi irrisolvibile: senza il senso del limite tutti piantano i cavoli senza che nessuno li pianti veramente! Il mio lavoro cerca di eliminare l’implicito ossimoro del titolo e di far emergere l’ossimoro vero tra bilancio in equilibrio e anarchia di bilancio. Su questo fronte, il dialogo di Steve con de Viti ed Einaudi è fondamentale, anche e soprattutto, per la posizione keynesiana che ha certamente influenzato la produzione scientifica di Steve; ma è proprio qui, dove il senso del limite apparirebbe irrimediabilmente smarrito, che Steve lo recupera e lo sposta semplicemente senza violarlo. Vi è in questo contemperamento qualcosa di scientificamente laico e antidottrinario, che la frase posta in epigrafe rivela in tutta la sua essenziale moralità individuale. Ed è anche qui che inizia la parte più proficua del dialogo con de Viti ed Einaudi proprio in tema di bilancio, costituzione fiscale, debito pubblico e sistema democratico come alternativa al sistema totalitario, ma anche come dimensione distinta dal modello cooperativo di de Viti.
De Viti de Marco, Einaudi e Steve. Un dialogo tra diversi / Eusepi, Giuseppe. - STAMPA. - (2018), pp. 233-246. - ECONOMIA - TEORIA ECONOMICA - PENSIERO ECONOMICO.
De Viti de Marco, Einaudi e Steve. Un dialogo tra diversi.
Eusepi, Giuseppe
Primo
Writing – Original Draft Preparation
2018
Abstract
In his last lecture, Steve retraces his experience as scholar of Public Finance and examines potential future scenarios for the discipline. His lecture centered on what was for Steve the most important message that he received from his mentors and that he tried to convey to his pupils: the concept of a limit in scientific knowledge. But hard as he did to keep it alive, there proved to be a concept dramatically lost due to the different constitutional and institutional settings from those in which Steve received this message. My analysis unfolds in the form of a dialogue with Steve, and by way of him with de Viti de Marco and Einaudi. I do so by arguing that the limit concept can be extended to balanced budgets. What would seem to come out of a pursuit of this line of reasoning is that public debt can produce different outcomes depending on whether the limit concept is followed or not. There seems to be a similarity between the loss of the limit concept and the loss of the diapason in an orchestra. In both cases, imperceptibly, but inevitably, the limit concept rapidly fades to the point of evaporation. The economist’s role and that of the orchestra conductor are twisted: the economist becomes consultant and “doctrinarian”, the conductor becomes composer. In his early years, Steve was an enthusiast of centrally planned economy and when he used to discuss with his mentor, Sella, he was able to drive a point home with apt theoretical reflections. While recognizing the importance of Steve’s theoretical reflections, Sella used to invite him to stay grounded with a colorful expression: “who shall plant cabbages?”. Out of the limit concept, everyone plants cabbages with no one really planting them! This paper seeks to contrast the false oxymoron in the title with the genuine oxymoron: the one between balanced budgets and anarchy in budgets. On this front, Steve’s dialogue with de Viti and Einaudi is of particular importance, impregnated as it is with Keynesian formulations. However, it is exactly here, where the limit concept seems irretrievably lost, that Steve is able to resume it without violating its substantial logic. There seems to be something of scientifically secular and anti-doctrinarian in this tempering, which the quotation in the epigraph reveals in all its essential morality. It is exactly here that the most promising part of Steve’s dialogue with de Viti and Einaudi starts. This dialogue allows clinching Steve’s continuing effort to bridge the Keynesian view on budget, fiscal constitution, public debt and democratic vs. totalitarian systems with Einaudi and de Viti, and the trajectory followed sets de Viti and Einaudi on the foreground while Keynes and especially Keynesianism are moved to the background.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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