Problematiche conservative e di valorizzazione nelle aree archeologiche ipogee: il caso del “titolo di Equizio” nella chiesa dei SS. Silvestro e Martino ai Monti a Roma

The purpose of this essay is to provide an initial contribution to the definition of operational guidelines specifically dedicated to the theme of the archaeological areas underground. The proposals of conservation and enhancement of these areas are a prerequisite in the description of the historical phases of construction, both through the examination of literary sources and archives and through direct analysis of the remains, without neglecting the analysis of the most recent interventions, which may have had implications in terms of use on the static behavior and state of preservation. Historical inquiry is crucial in addressing the preliminary design solutions that allow a clearer picture of the layers, assessing decision problems, such as the removal of supposedly incongruous extensions and restorations, and also to understand the nature of degradation and instability phenomena. The peculiar environmental conditions of confined spaces make the underground more vulnerable to different types of degradation caused by moisture, depending of specific temperature and humidity conditions and general considerations arising from anthropogenic impact. The so-called "titulus Equitii" well exemplifies the problems above-mentioned, since the persistent and continuous use of the structure has stimulated an intensive activity of significant transformation, while the current status quo does not guarantee an effective preservation and use.