The interest in the study of the facade was born after its radical transformation during the 20th century. In the pre-modern period, the façade had a triple role; the first role was to close the outer perimeter and to ensure thermo-hygrometric well-being, the second was to ensure the stability of the building and the last had to do with the communication of architectural language. During the modern movement, however, with the architectural principles enshrined in the Athens card, the facade is detached from the structural part thus becoming a free element that gives to the architect more freedom of composition. In this period the facade remains as an opaque element that performs some functions like that premodern, that touch the communicative energy sphere. With the fall of modernity and the disappearance of meta-narratives, the building body undergoes its greatest transformation: if the artefact was first regarded as an inviolable and pure body, in postmodernism it becomes a hybrid machine, thus transforming its manifestation in the context through the casing. For this particular transformation that took place in the last century it is of great importance to investigate today the situation in which the relationship between the façade, the architectural communication and the context where the building fits lies. In this essay we will try to give a general summary and a framing of two very important dissertations in the debate on the subject.
L’interesse per lo studio della facciata nasce dopo la sua trasformazione radicale durante il XX secolo. Nel periodo premoderno la facciata aveva un triplice ruolo; il primo ruolo era quello di chiudere il perimetro esterno e di garantire il benessere termoigrometrico, il secondo era quello di garantire la stabilità dell’edificio e l’ultimo aveva a che fare con la comunicazione del linguaggio architettonico. Durante il movimento moderno, invece, con i principi architettonici sanciti dalla carta di Atene, la facciata si stacca dalla parte strutturale diventando così un elemento libero che dà più libertà compositiva all'architetto. In questo periodo la facciata rimane ancora come un elemento opaco che svolge alcune funzioni analoghe a quella premoderna, che toccano la sfera energetica comunicativa. Con la caduta del modernismo e la scomparsa delle meta-narrazioni, il corpo edilizio subisce la sua più grande trasformazione: se prima il manufatto veniva considerato come un corpo inviolabile e puro, nel postmodernismo esso diventa una macchina ibrida, trasformando così anche la sua manifestazione nel contesto tramite l’involucro. Per questa particolare trasformazione che accade nel secolo scorso è di grande rilievo indagare oggi la situazione in cui si trova il rapporto tra la facciata, la comunicazione architettonica e il contesto dove l’edificio si inserisce. In questo saggio si cercherà di dare un riassunto generale ed un inquadramento di due dissertazioni molto importanti nel dibattito sull'argomento.
Studio della facciata. Metodi e strategie compositive: Capuano, Carpenzano / Lila, Ardit. - STAMPA. - (2017), pp. 103-115.
Studio della facciata. Metodi e strategie compositive: Capuano, Carpenzano
Lila, Ardit
2017
Abstract
The interest in the study of the facade was born after its radical transformation during the 20th century. In the pre-modern period, the façade had a triple role; the first role was to close the outer perimeter and to ensure thermo-hygrometric well-being, the second was to ensure the stability of the building and the last had to do with the communication of architectural language. During the modern movement, however, with the architectural principles enshrined in the Athens card, the facade is detached from the structural part thus becoming a free element that gives to the architect more freedom of composition. In this period the facade remains as an opaque element that performs some functions like that premodern, that touch the communicative energy sphere. With the fall of modernity and the disappearance of meta-narratives, the building body undergoes its greatest transformation: if the artefact was first regarded as an inviolable and pure body, in postmodernism it becomes a hybrid machine, thus transforming its manifestation in the context through the casing. For this particular transformation that took place in the last century it is of great importance to investigate today the situation in which the relationship between the façade, the architectural communication and the context where the building fits lies. In this essay we will try to give a general summary and a framing of two very important dissertations in the debate on the subject.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.