a b s t r a c t Background and Objective : Left ventricle (LV) dysfunction always occurs at early heart-failure stages, pro- ducing variations in the LV flow patterns. Cardiac diagnostics may therefore benefit from flow-pattern analysis. Several visualization tools have been proposed that require ultrafast ultrasound acquisitions. However, ultrafast ultrasound is not standard in clinical scanners. Meanwhile techniques that can handle low frame rates are still lacking. As a result, the clinical translation of these techniques remains limited, especially for 3D acquisitions where the volume rates are intrinsically low. Methods : To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel technique for the estimation of LV blood velocity and relative-pressure fields from dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) at low frame rates. Different from other methods, our method is based on the time-delays between time-intensity curves measured at neighbor pixels in the DCE-US loops. Using Navier-Stokes equation, we regularize the obtained velocity fields and derive relative-pressure estimates. Blood flow patterns were characterized with regard to their vorticity, relative-pressure changes (dp/dt) in the LV outflow tract, and viscous energy loss, as these reflect the ejection efficiency. Results : We evaluated the proposed method on 18 patients (9 responders and 9 non-responders) who un- derwent cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). After CRT, the responder group evidenced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in vorticity and peak dp/dt, and a non-significant decrease in viscous energy loss. No significant difference was found in the non-responder group. Relative feature variation before and after CRT evidenced a significant difference (p < 0.05) between responders and non-responders for vorticity and peak dp/dt. Finally, the method feasibility is also shown with 3D DCE-US. Conclusions : Using the proposed method, adequate visualization and quantification of blood flow patterns are successfully enabled based on low-rate DCE-US of the LV, facilitating the clinical adoption of the method using standard ultrasound scanners. The clinical value of the method in the context of CRT is also shown.

.Blood flow patterns estimation in the left ventricle with low-rate 2D and 3D dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound / Chen, Peiran; van Sloun, Ruud J. G.; Turco, Simona; Wijkstra, Hessel; Filomena, Domenico; Agati, Luciano; Houthuizen, Patrick; Mischi, Massimo. - In: COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE. - ISSN 0169-2607. - 198:(2021). [10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105810]

.Blood flow patterns estimation in the left ventricle with low-rate 2D and 3D dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound

Domenico Filomena
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
Luciano Agati
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
2021

Abstract

a b s t r a c t Background and Objective : Left ventricle (LV) dysfunction always occurs at early heart-failure stages, pro- ducing variations in the LV flow patterns. Cardiac diagnostics may therefore benefit from flow-pattern analysis. Several visualization tools have been proposed that require ultrafast ultrasound acquisitions. However, ultrafast ultrasound is not standard in clinical scanners. Meanwhile techniques that can handle low frame rates are still lacking. As a result, the clinical translation of these techniques remains limited, especially for 3D acquisitions where the volume rates are intrinsically low. Methods : To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel technique for the estimation of LV blood velocity and relative-pressure fields from dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) at low frame rates. Different from other methods, our method is based on the time-delays between time-intensity curves measured at neighbor pixels in the DCE-US loops. Using Navier-Stokes equation, we regularize the obtained velocity fields and derive relative-pressure estimates. Blood flow patterns were characterized with regard to their vorticity, relative-pressure changes (dp/dt) in the LV outflow tract, and viscous energy loss, as these reflect the ejection efficiency. Results : We evaluated the proposed method on 18 patients (9 responders and 9 non-responders) who un- derwent cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). After CRT, the responder group evidenced a significant (p < 0.05) increase in vorticity and peak dp/dt, and a non-significant decrease in viscous energy loss. No significant difference was found in the non-responder group. Relative feature variation before and after CRT evidenced a significant difference (p < 0.05) between responders and non-responders for vorticity and peak dp/dt. Finally, the method feasibility is also shown with 3D DCE-US. Conclusions : Using the proposed method, adequate visualization and quantification of blood flow patterns are successfully enabled based on low-rate DCE-US of the LV, facilitating the clinical adoption of the method using standard ultrasound scanners. The clinical value of the method in the context of CRT is also shown.
2021
left ventricle; contrast ultrasound; low rate; blood flow patterns
01 Pubblicazione su rivista::01a Articolo in rivista
.Blood flow patterns estimation in the left ventricle with low-rate 2D and 3D dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound / Chen, Peiran; van Sloun, Ruud J. G.; Turco, Simona; Wijkstra, Hessel; Filomena, Domenico; Agati, Luciano; Houthuizen, Patrick; Mischi, Massimo. - In: COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE. - ISSN 0169-2607. - 198:(2021). [10.1016/j.cmpb.2020.105810]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1460223
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